Four steps, in the order the work actually happens. Nothing here is new: each step runs the same engine as the tool it belongs to, cites the same source, and links to that tool’s own page when you need to go deeper. No booking, no tracking, no rates — this is reference and arithmetic.
Identify the waybill
Paste an air waybill number for the check digit and the issuing carrier. A bare three-digit prefix or a two-letter IATA code works too.
Find the airports
Look an airport up by IATA or ICAO code, name or city — or find the nearest airports to a point when the shipper's address is all you have.
Pick the unit
Unit load device specifications — external size, tare, maximum gross and the usable volume, each with the basis it was published on.
Work the chargeable weight
Volumetric against actual, on the divisor the carrier applies. The same calculation the chargeable-weight API and MCP tool run — it happens in your browser, so it costs no API allowance.
Chargeable weight is a rating convention, not a rate. What an airline actually charges depends on the contract, the commodity and the lane.
Check the dry ice — reference only
Almost every pharma and perishables booking carries UN 1845. This is the published entry and the conditions that come with it — not a verdict on your shipment.
ADR 2025 Table A lists UN 1845 (Carbon dioxide, solid (Dry ice)) as “NOT SUBJECT TO ADR except for 5.5.3”. The entry is outside ADR scope: no packing group or transport category applies, and the 1.1.3.6 small-load exemption calculation does not run — there is nothing to be exempt from. The section 5.5.3 carriage conditions below are the only ADR provisions that apply.
“For UN No. 1845, the conditions of carriage specified in this section, except 5.5.3.3.1, apply for all kinds of carriage, as a coolant, conditioner, or as a consignment. For the carriage of UN No. 1845, no other provisions of ADR apply.” — ADR 2025, 5.5.3.1.1.
“Packages containing dry ice (UN No. 1845) or a coolant or conditioner shall be carried in well ventilated vehicles and containers. Marking according to 5.5.3.6 is not required in this case. Ventilation is not required, and marking according to 5.5.3.6 is required, if: - Gas exchange between the load compartment and the driver’s cab is prevented; or - The load compartment is insulated, refrigerated or mechanically refrigerated equipment, for example as defined in the Agreement on the International Carriage of Perishable Foodstuffs and on the Special Equipment to be Used for such Carriage (ATP) and separated from the driver’s cab.”
NOTE: In this context "well ventilated" means there is an atmosphere where the carbon dioxide concentration is below 0.5 % by volume and the oxygen concentration is above 19.5 % by volume.
“Packages containing dry ice (UN No. 1845) as a consignment shall be marked "CARBON DIOXIDE, SOLID" or "DRY ICE"; packages containing dangerous goods used for cooling or conditioning shall be marked with the name indicated in Column (2) of Table A of Chapter 3.2 of these dangerous goods followed by the words "AS COOLANT" or "AS CONDITIONER" as appropriate in an official language of the country of origin and also, if that language is not English, French or German, in English, French or German, unless agreements concluded between the countries concerned in the transport operation provide otherwise.”
“Vehicles and containers containing dry ice (UN No. 1845) or dangerous goods used for cooling or conditioning purposes that are not well ventilated shall be marked with a warning mark, as specified in 5.5.3.6.2, affixed at each access point in a location where it will be easily seen by persons opening or entering the vehicle or container. This mark shall remain on the vehicle or container until the following provisions are met: (a) The vehicle or container has been well ventilated to remove harmful concentrations of dry ice (UN No. 1845) or coolant or conditioner; and (b) The dry ice (UN No. 1845) or cooled or conditioned goods have been unloaded. As long as the vehicle or container is marked, the necessary precautions have to be taken before entering it. The necessity of ventilating through the cargo doors or other means (e.g. forced ventilation) has to be evaluated and included in training of the involved persons.”
“The warning mark shall be as shown in Figure 5.5.3.6.2. The mark shall be a rectangle. The minimum dimensions shall be 150 mm wide × 250 mm high. The word "WARNING" shall be in red or white and be at least 25 mm high. Where dimensions are not specified, all features shall be in approximate proportion to those shown.”
“Documents (such as a bill of lading, cargo manifest or CMR/CIM consignment note) associated with the carriage of vehicles or containers containing or having contained dry ice (UN No. 1845) or substances used for cooling or conditioning purposes and have not been completely ventilated before carriage shall include the following information: (a) The UN number preceded by the letters "UN"; and (b) The name indicated in Column (2) of Table A of Chapter 3.2 followed, where appropriate, by the words "AS COOLANT" or "AS CONDITIONER" in an official language of the country of origin and also, if that language is not English, French or German, in English, French or German, unless agreements, if any, concluded between the countries concerned in the transport operation provide otherwise.”
For example: UN 1845, CARBON DIOXIDE, SOLID, AS COOLANT.
“If dry ice in unpackaged form is used, it shall not come into direct contact with the metal structure of a vehicle or container to avoid embrittlement of the metal. Measures shall be taken to provide adequate insulation between the dry ice and the vehicle or container by providing a minimum of 30 mm separation (e.g. by using suitable low heat conducting materials such as timber planks, pallets etc).”
“Persons engaged in the handling or carriage of vehicles and containers in which dry ice (UN No. 1845) is carried or containing substances used for cooling or conditioning purposes shall be trained commensurate with their responsibilities.”
Source: ADR 2025 section 5.5.3, UNECE (ECE/TRANS/352). Quoted verbatim; not legal advice — verify against the current ADR text.
Everything above comes from ADR 2025, the UNECE agreement governing dangerous goods by road. Carriage by air is governed by the IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations, a separate regime with its own packing instructions, per-package quantity limits, marking and shipper’s declaration rules, and operator and state variations. Those are licensed texts. FreightUtils does not publish them and does not paraphrase them, so this page will not tell you whether your dry ice is acceptable on a given flight. Take the UN number and the quantity to the current DGR and to your carrier’s own acceptance conditions.
This row carries a row-level audit: Row-level audit on 2026-08-26 against 2 cited source(s), field by field against the UNECE ADR 2025 Table A. Open the full UN 1845 entry →
A shared identifier never gets answered as one carrier
This is the rule that shapes step 1, and it is worth seeing worked. An air waybill prefix is a property of a record in the airline reference set, not a property of a carrier — and several records can hold the same one. A group carrier and the regionals that fly in its colours may share a prefix. A passenger airline and its cargo arm usually share a designator. A carrier that ceased operating keeps its record, and can sit ahead of a live carrier in raw data order for no reason other than where it landed in the file.
Prefix 081 is the example. Asked as a question — “whose prefix is this?” — it has no single answer, so the cited sentence names every holder, verified records first and historical records last:
AWB prefix 081 is held by 4 records — Qantas, Eastern Australia Airlines, QantasLink, Sunstate Airlines — the prefix alone does not identify one carrier.
That is the exact string the API puts in its citation field and the exact string this desk shows you, because both are built from the same function. When a prefix has one holder the sentence is the plain one — carrier name, prefix, full stop. The identifier validator applies the same rule from the other side: on a shared prefix it withholds the single airline and hands back the candidates instead of promoting one of them. See the 081 reference page →
How the four numbers on a waybill fit together
An eleven-digit air waybill number is two parts. The first three digits are the issuing carrier’s prefix, allocated by IATA. The next eight are the serial, and the last of those eight is a check digit: it is not decoration, it must equal the first seven digits of the serial modulo seven. That is the whole algorithm, and it is why a transposed pair of digits in the serial usually shows up immediately — the remainder moves and the last digit stops agreeing. What the check digit cannot tell you is whether the number was ever issued, whether a booking exists behind it, or where the shipment is. It is a structural test on eleven digits, nothing more, and any tool that implies otherwise is overselling it.
Airport codes are two registers, not one. The three-letter IATA code is the commercial one — it is what appears on the waybill, the label and the manifest. The four-character ICAO ident is the operational one, used by air traffic control and in flight planning, and it is the identifier that always exists: plenty of airfields have an ICAO ident and no IATA code at all. When the shipper gives you a postcode rather than an airport, working from coordinates to the nearest airports is usually faster than guessing, and it will surface the freighter-capable field a few miles further out that the obvious answer misses.
The unit load device decides what shape the cargo has to be before any of this matters. Every published figure on a ULD carries a basis, and the basis is the part people skip. A maximum gross weight can be a structural rating from the manufacturer or an operational limit published by one carrier for one aircraft type, and the same physical pallet can carry two very different numbers for exactly that reason. A pallet has no internal dimensions at all, because it has no walls; a build-up height is a property of the aircraft contour, not of the pallet. Read the qualifier that travels with the number, and confirm anything operationally critical against the operator.
Chargeable weight is the last step because it depends on the first three. Air freight is rated on whichever is greater, the actual gross weight or the volumetric weight, and the volumetric weight is the volume in cubic centimetres divided by a divisor the carrier applies. Six thousand is the long-standing convention. Express operators commonly apply five thousand, which makes the same box heavier on paper. The divisor belongs to your contract, so it is an input here rather than a constant, and the desk shows which basis governs and by how much rather than just handing you a figure.
What this page will not do
It will not book, quote, rate or track anything, and it will not tell you whether a shipment is acceptable to a carrier. It does not read your documents. It will not answer a dangerous-goods question for air: the dry ice entry above is the road entry from ADR 2025, labelled as such, with a pointer to the regime that actually governs air. Where a reference answer is genuinely ambiguous — a prefix held by several carriers, a UN number with more than one Table A row — the honest output is every candidate, not the first one, and that is what you will get.
Questions
Why does a three-digit AWB prefix sometimes name more than one airline?
Is the air waybill check digit a confirmation that the shipment exists?
Which volumetric divisor should I use?
Does the dry ice answer on this page cover an air shipment?
Working from an agent instead
Every step here is a REST endpoint and an MCP tool, and one identifier can be resolved across all of them at once — a prefix, an airline designator, an airport code, a ULD type or a UN number all go into the same resolver and come back typed, ranked and cited. Read the API docs →
Reference and arithmetic only. Structural check-digit validation is not a registry lookup, ULD figures vary by manufacturer and operator variant, chargeable weight is a rating convention rather than a rate, and the ADR entry shown is road scope only. Not legal advice — verify against the current regulation, the carrier and your contract.